ʻO ka manaʻo o ke koena chlorine
ʻO ke koena chlorine ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa i loko o ka wai ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ʻana o ka wai a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.
Hoʻohui ʻia kēia ʻāpana o ka chlorine i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai no ka pepehi ʻana i nā maʻi bacteria, nā microorganisms, nā mea kūlohelohe a me nā mea inorganic i loko o ka wai. ʻO ke koena chlorine kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka hopena disinfection o nā kino wai. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke koena chlorine i ʻelua ʻāpana, ʻo ia hoʻi ke koena chlorine manuahi a me ka chlorine koena i hui pū ʻia. ʻO ke koena chlorine manuahi ka nui o ka chlorine manuahi ma ke ʻano o Cl2, HOCl, OCl-, etc.; ʻO ke koena chlorine hui pū ʻia nā mea chloramine i hana ʻia ma hope o ka hopena o ka chlorine manuahi a me nā mea ammonium, e like me NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3, a pēlā aku. hui ʻia ke koena chlorine.
Ana 'ia ka nui o ke koena chlorine i milligrams no ka lita. Pono e kūpono ka nui o ke koena chlorine, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ke koena chlorine e honi ai ka wai, a ʻo ka haʻahaʻa loa o ke koena chlorine e lilo ai ka wai i kona hiki ke mālama i ka sterilization a hōʻemi i ka palekana maʻemaʻe o ka lako wai. No laila, i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wai, e nānā mau ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koena chlorine e hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ke kūpono o ka wai.
ʻO ke kuleana o ka chlorine i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka disinfection o ke kūlanakauhale
1. Ka hana o ka chlorine disinfection
ʻO ka chlorination kahi ʻano disinfection maʻamau no ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO kāna mau hana nui penei:
1. Ka hopena disinfection maikaʻi
I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, hiki i ka chlorine ke pepehi i ka hapa nui o nā huakini a me nā maʻi. Hoʻopau ʻo Chlorine i nā microorganism ma o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i kā lākou mau protein a me nā waikawa nucleic. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka chlorine ke pepehi i nā hua a me nā ʻōpū o kekahi mau parasites.
2. Ka hopena oxidizing i ka maikaʻi o ka wai
Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka chlorine ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā mea ola i loko o ka wai, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka mea ola i loko o nā waikawa inorganic, carbon dioxide a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili ʻo Chlorine me nā mea ola i loko o ka wai e hana i nā mea ʻokiʻoki e like me ka hypochlorous acid a me ka chlorine monoxide, ka mea e hoʻoheheʻe ai i ka mea ola.
3. Kāohi i ka ulu bacteria
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka nui kūpono o ka chlorine hiki ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o kekahi mau microorganisms, hoʻemi i ka nui o ka lepo i loko o ka pahu hoʻonā, a hoʻemi i ka paʻakikī a me ke kumukūʻai o ka mālama ʻana ma hope.
2. Nā pono a me nā pōʻino o ka Chlorine Disinfection
1. Pono
(1) Ka hopena disinfection maikaʻi: Hiki i ke ʻano kūpono o ka chlorine ke pepehi i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi.
(2) Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana maʻalahi: He ʻano maʻalahi ke ʻano o ka chlorine dosing lako a maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana.
(3) ʻO ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa: He haʻahaʻa a maʻalahi ke kūʻai ʻana i nā lako lawe chlorine.
2. Nā hemahema
(1) Hoʻopuka ʻo Chlorine i nā mea ʻino e like me ka hypochloronitrile: Ke hoʻopili ʻia ka chlorine me nā mea ola i loko o ka nitrogen, e hana ʻia nā mea ʻino e like me ka hypochloronitrile, kahi e hoʻohaumia ai ka nohona.
(2) Ka pilikia koena o ka chlorine: ʻAʻole paʻakikī kekahi mau huahana chlorine a noho mau i loko o nā kino wai, e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai a i ʻole nā pilikia kaiapuni.
3. ʻO nā pilikia e pono e makaʻala i ka wā e hoʻohui ai i ka chlorine
1. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka klorine
Inā haʻahaʻa loa ka ʻike o ka chlorine, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena disinfection a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka lepo; inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻike o ka chlorine, e kiʻekiʻe ke koena o ka chlorine i loko o ke kino wai, e hōʻeha ai i ke kino o ke kanaka.
2. ʻO ka manawa chlorine injection
Pono e koho ʻia ka manawa hoʻoheheʻe chlorine ma ke kaʻina hana hope loa o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai e pale ai i ka pau ʻana mai ka nalowale ʻana o ka chlorine a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i nā huahana fermentation ʻē aʻe i nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe, a laila e hoʻopilikia i ka hopena disinfection.
3. Ke koho ʻana i nā huahana chlorine
Loaʻa nā kumukūʻai a me nā hana like ʻole o nā huahana chlorine ma ka mākeke, a ʻo ke koho ʻana o nā huahana e hoʻokumu ʻia i nā kūlana kikoʻī.
I ka pōkole, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka chlorine ʻo ia kekahi o nā ala kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka disinfection. I ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, hiki i ka hoʻohana kūpono a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka chlorine ke hōʻoia pono i ka palekana o ka wai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau kikoʻī ʻenehana a me nā pilikia palekana kaiapuni e pono e makaʻala i ka wā e hoʻohui ai i ka chlorine.
No ke aha i hoʻohui ʻia ai ka chlorine i ka mālama wai:
Ma ke kaʻina effluent o ka wai paipu a me nā mea kanu hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kaʻina hana disinfection chlorine e pepehi i nā maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi i loko o ka wai. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wai hoʻoluʻu ʻenehana, hoʻohana ʻia ka chlorine sterilization a me ka wehe ʻana o ka algae, no ka mea, i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai, ma muli o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka ʻāpana o ka wai, ua paʻa nā meaʻai i loko o ka wai, bacteria a me nā microorganisms ʻē aʻe. e hoʻonui i ka nui, a maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i ka slime ʻO ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka slime a me ka lepo hiki ke hoʻopili i ka paipu a me ka ʻino.
Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ke koena o ka chlorine i loko o ka wai paipu, ʻo nā pōʻino nui:
1. He mea hoʻonāukiuki loa a hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana hanu.
2. Hoʻopili maʻalahi ia me nā mea ola i loko o ka wai e hana i nā mea make e like me ka chloroform a me ka chloroform.
3. Ma ke ʻano he mea hana maka, loaʻa paha nā hopena ʻino. No ka laʻana, ke hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā hua waina raiki, loaʻa ka hopena bactericidal i ka hū i ke kaʻina fermentation a pili i ka maikaʻi o ka waina. No ka mea, hoʻohana mau ʻia ka chlorine e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai pā, a ʻo ke koena o ka chlorine e hoʻohua i nā carcinogens e like me ka chloroform i ka wā o ka hoʻomehana ʻana. ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi e pōʻino nui ai ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻOi aku i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka haumia o ka wai, e alakaʻi pololei ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke koena o ka chlorine ma loko o ka wai pā.
He aha nā ʻano ana no ke koena chlorine?
1. DPD colorimetry
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Kumu: Ma lalo o ka pH 6.2 ~ 6.5 kūlana, ClO2 e hana mua me DPD ma ka ʻanuʻu 1 e hoʻohua i kahi ʻulaʻula, akā ʻike ʻia ka nui a hiki i ka hapalima o ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa (e like me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ClO2 i nā ion chlorite) hoʻokahi. Inā ʻakika ʻia kahi laʻana wai ma ke alo o ka iodide, chlorite a me chlorate pū kekahi, a i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka bicarbonate, ua like ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka huina o ka chlorine i loaʻa o ClO2. Hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka chlorine manuahi me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka glycine. ʻO ke kumu, hiki i ka glycine ke hoʻololi koke i ka chlorine manuahi i loko o ka waikawa aminoacetic chlorinated, akā ʻaʻohe hopena i ka ClO2.
2. Coated electrode ala
Kumu: Hoʻokomo ʻia ka electrode i loko o ke keʻena electrolyte, a pili ke keʻena electrolyte me ka wai ma o ka porous hydrophilic membrane. Hoʻopuehu ka ʻakika hypochlorous i loko o ka lua electrolyte ma o ka membrane hydrophilic porous, e hana ana i kēia manawa ma ka ʻili electrode. ʻO ka nui o ke au e pili ana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka waikawa hypochlorous i loko o ka lua electrolyte. Ua like ka diffusion rate me ke koena o ka chlorine i loko o ka hopena. E ana i ka nui o keia manawa. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ke koena chlorine i loko o ka hopena.
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3. ʻO ke ala uila uila mau loa (membraneless electrode method)
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Kumuhana: Mālama ʻia ka mana paʻa ma waena o ke ana a me nā electrodes kuhikuhi, a ʻo nā ʻāpana ana ʻokoʻa e hoʻopuka i nā ikaika o kēia manawa ma kēia hiki. Loaʻa iā ia ʻelua electrodes platinum a me kahi electrode kuhikuhi e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana ana microcurrent. Ma ke ana electrode, pau nā molekala chlorine a i ʻole hypochlorite, a ʻo ka ikaika o ka mea i hana ʻia i kēia manawa e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ke koena chlorine i loko o ka wai.
Ke hoʻohana nei ko Lianhua koena chlorine mea ana LH-P3CLO i ke ala ʻike DPD, he maʻalahi ke hana a hiki ke hoʻopuka koke i nā hopena. Pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i 2 reagents a me ka hāpana e hoʻāʻo ʻia, a hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena hoʻohālikelike kala. He ākea ka laulā ana, maʻalahi nā koi, a pololei nā hopena.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-30-2024
