27. He aha ke ano paa o ka wai?
ʻO ka hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i ka nui o nā mea paʻa i loko o ka wai, ʻo ia nā mea paʻa a pau, i māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻāpana: nā mea paʻa paʻa a me nā mea paʻa ʻole. ʻO nā mea paʻa holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia (SS) a me nā mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (DS), hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia o ia mau mea i nā paʻa paʻa a me nā mea paʻa ʻole.
ʻO ke ʻano o ke ana ʻana o nā mea paʻa a pau, ʻo ia ke ana i ka nuipaʻa o ka mea paʻa i koe ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka wai ʻino ma 103oC ~ 105oC. ʻO ka manawa maloʻo a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana paʻa e pili ana i ka mea maloʻo i hoʻohana ʻia, akā i kēlā me kēia hihia, pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa maloʻo. mau ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana.
Hōʻike ʻia ka nuipaʻa paʻa i hoʻemi ʻia ma ka puhi ʻana i ka nui o nā mea paʻa i kahi wela kiʻekiʻe o 600oC, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka pohō kaumaha ma ke puhi ʻana, a hiki ke hōʻike i ka ʻike o nā mea ola i loko o ka wai. 'O ka manawa ho'ā e like me ka manawa ho'omalo'o i ke ana 'ana i ka huina pa'a. Pono e puhi ʻia a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ke kalapona i loko o ka hāpana. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i koe ma hope o ke puhi ʻana, ʻo ia ka paʻa paʻa, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka lehu, hiki ke hōʻike i ke ʻano o nā mea inorganic i loko o ka wai.
28. He aha nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia?
Kapa ʻia nā mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he mau mea kānana. ʻO ka kānana ma hope o ka kānana ʻana i nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ma kahi mahana o 103oC ~ 105oC, a ua ana ʻia ka nuipa o nā mea i koe, ʻo ia nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻO nā paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me nā paʻakai inorganic a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Hiki ke helu ʻia ma ka unuhi ʻana i ka nui o nā paʻa paʻa mai ka huina paʻa. ʻO ka ʻāpana maʻamau he mg/L.
Ke hoʻohana hou ʻia ka wai ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, pono e hoʻomalu ʻia kona mau mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi ākea. Inā ʻaʻole, e loaʻa kekahi mau hopena ʻino inā hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka holoi ʻana i ka halepaku, ka holoi kaʻa a me nā wai ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe a i ʻole he wai kaʻapuni ʻoihana. ʻO ka maʻamau o ka Ministry of Construction Standard "Water Quality Standard for Domestic Miscellaneous Water" CJ/T48–1999 e kuhikuhi ana i nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka wai i hoʻohana hou ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka halepaku ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 1200 mg/L, a ʻo nā solids dissolved o ka wai i hoʻohana hou ʻia no ke kaʻa. holoi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 mg/L.
29. He aha ka paʻakai a me ka paʻakai o ka wai?
Ua kapa ʻia ka paʻakai o ka wai, ʻo ia ka nui o nā paʻakai i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka ʻāpana maʻamau he mg/L. No ka mea aia nā paʻakai i loko o ka wai ma ke ʻano o nā ion, ʻo ka paʻakai ka huina o ka helu o nā anion a me nā cations i loko o ka wai.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka wehewehe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma mua o kona ʻano paʻakai, no ka mea, ʻo nā mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kekahi mau mea ola. Ke haʻahaʻa loa ka ʻiʻo mea ola i loko o ka wai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i kekahi manawa e pili i ka paʻakai i loko o ka wai.
30. He aha ka conductivity o ka wai?
ʻO ka conductivity ka pānaʻi o ke kū'ē ʻana o kahi hoʻonā wai, a ʻo kāna ʻāpana he μs/cm. Loaʻa nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai i loko o kahi kūlana ionic, a hiki i kēia mau ion ke hoʻokele i ka uila. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ion content, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka conductivity o ka wai. No laila, ma muli o ka conductivity, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike pololei i ka nui o nā paʻakai i loko o ka wai a i ʻole ka mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka wai.
ʻO ka conductivity o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe hou he 0.5 a 2 μs / cm, ʻo ka conductivity o ka wai ultrapure ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 0.1 μs / cm, a ʻo ka conductivity o ka wai paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā kahua wai palupalu hiki ke kiʻekiʻe e like me nā tausani o μs / cm.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-08-2023