Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ORP i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai

He aha ke ʻano o ka ORP i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai?
Kū ʻo ORP no ka hiki ʻana o ka redox i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ORP e hōʻike i nā waiwai macro redox o nā mea āpau i loko o ka wai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka redox hiki, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka waiwai oxidizing, a ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka hiki redox, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka waiwai hoʻemi. No ke kino wai, loaʻa pinepine nā mana redox, e hana ana i kahi ʻōnaehana redox paʻakikī. A ʻo kona hiki redox ka hopena piha o ka hopena redox ma waena o nā mea oxidizing lehulehu a me nā mea hoʻemi.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ORP ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka neʻe ʻana o kekahi mea oxidizing a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa waiwai, kōkua ia e hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻano electrochemical o ke kino wai a nānā i nā waiwai o ke kino wai. He hōʻailona piha.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana o ORP i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai ʻana He nui nā ion a me ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mana redox lehulehu. Ma o ka mea hana ʻike ORP, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka mana redox i loko o ka wai i loko o kahi manawa pōkole, hiki ke hoʻopōkole i ke kaʻina hana a me ka manawa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pono.
ʻOkoʻa ka mana redox i koi ʻia e nā microorganism i kēlā me kēia pae o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hiki i nā microorganism aerobic ke ulu ma luna o +100mV, a ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa he +300～+400mV; hana nā microorganism anaerobic facultative i ka hanu aerobic ma luna o +100mV a me ka hanu anaerobic ma lalo o +100mV; Pono nā bacteria anaerobic obligate -200～-250mV, a ma waena o nā methanogens anaerobic e koi ai -300～-400mV, a ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa he -330mV.
Aia ma waena o +200～+600mV ke kaiapuni redox maʻamau i loko o ka ʻōnaehana sludge aerobic.
Ma ke ʻano he hoʻolālā hoʻomalu i ka lāʻau lapaʻau aerobic, mālama olaola anoxic a me ka mālama ola anaerobic, ma ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka ORP o ka wai, hiki i nā limahana ke hoʻomalu i ke ʻano o nā hopena biological. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kūlana kaiapuni o ke kaʻina hana, e like me:
● Hoʻonui i ka leo ea e hoʻonui i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka oxygen
● Hoʻohui i nā mea oxidizing a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki redox
● Hoʻemi i ka leo ea e hoʻemi i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka oxygen
●Hoʻohui i nā kumu kalapona a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā mea e hōʻemi i ka hiki redox, a laila hoʻolaha a pale paha i ka hopena.
No laila, hoʻohana nā luna i ka ORP ma ke ʻano he mana hoʻomalu i ka mālama ʻana i ka biological aerobic, anoxic biological treatment a me anaerobic biological treatment e hoʻokō i nā hopena lapaʻau maikaʻi aʻe.
ʻO ka lāʻau ola kino aerobic:
He pilina maikaʻi ʻo ORP me ka wehe ʻana o COD a me ka nitrification. Ma ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka nui o ka aeration aerobic ma o ORP, hiki ke pale ʻia ka manawa ʻae a ʻoi aku ka nui e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka wai o ka wai i mālama ʻia.
Anoxic biological treatment: ORP and the nitrogen concentration in the denitrification state is a correlation in the anoxic biological treatment process, which can be used as criterion for judged if the denitrification process is ended. Hōʻike ka hana pili i ke kaʻina o ka denitrification, ke emi ka derivative o ORP i ka manawa ma mua o -5, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pane. Aia i loko o ka effluent ka nitrogen nitrate, hiki ke pale i ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻona a me nā mea ʻino, e like me ka hydrogen sulfide.
Anaerobic biological treatment: I ka wā o ka anaerobic reaction, i ka wā e ho'ēmi ai i nā mea waiwai, e emi ana ka waiwai ORP; ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, i ka wā e hoʻemi ai ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa, e piʻi aʻe ka waiwai ORP a paʻa i kekahi manawa.
I ka pōkole, no ka mālama ola kino aerobic i nā mea kanu hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, he pilina maikaʻi ko ORP me ka biodegradation o COD a me BOD, a he pilina maikaʻi ko ORP me ka hopena nitrification.
No ka lapaʻau olaola anoxic, aia kekahi pilina ma waena o ORP a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka nitrogen nitrate i ka mokuʻāina denitrification i ka wā o ka mālama olaola anoxic, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he criterion no ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā ua pau ke kaʻina hana denitrification. E hoʻomalu i ka hopena lapaʻau o ka ʻāpana kaʻina hana hoʻoneʻe phosphorus a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena hoʻoneʻe phosphorus. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka phosphorus biological a me ka wehe ʻana i ka phosphorus i ʻelua mau ʻanuʻu:
ʻO ka mea mua, i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka phosphorus ma lalo o nā kūlana anaerobic, hoʻopuka ka bacteria fermentation i nā momona momona ma lalo o ke kūlana o ORP ma -100 a -225mV. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻakika momona e ka bacteria polyphosphate a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka phosphorus i loko o ke kino wai i ka manawa like.
ʻO ka lua, i loko o ka wai aerobic, hoʻomaka ka bacteria polyphosphate e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā waikawa momona i komo i ka pae mua a hoʻololi i ka ATP i ADP e loaʻa ai ka ikehu. Pono ka mālama ʻana i kēia ikehu i ka adsorption o ka nui o ka phosphorus mai ka wai. ʻO ka hopena o ka adsorbing phosphorus e koi i ka ORP i loko o ka wai aerobic ma waena o +25 a me +250mV no ka wehe ʻana i ka phosphorus biological.
No laila, hiki i nā limahana ke hoʻomalu i ka hopena lapaʻau o ka ʻāpana kaʻina hana hoʻoneʻe phosphorus ma o ORP e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena hoʻoneʻe phosphorus.
Ke makemake ʻole ka limahana i ka denitrification a i ʻole ka hōʻiliʻili nitrite i loko o kahi kaʻina hana nitrification, pono e mālama ʻia ka waiwai ORP ma luna o +50mV. Pēlā nō, pale nā ​​luna i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻala (H2S) i loko o ka ʻōnaehana sewer. Pono nā luna e mālama i kahi waiwai ORP ma mua o -50mV i ka pipeline e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hopena o nā sulfide.
E hoʻololi i ka manawa aeration a me ka ikaika o ka ea o ke kaʻina hana e mālama i ka ikehu a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana. Eia hou, hiki i nā limahana ke hoʻohana i ka pilina koʻikoʻi ma waena o ORP a me ka oxygen dissolved i loko o ka wai e hoʻoponopono i ka manawa aeration a me ka ikaika o ka aeration o ke kaʻina hana ma o ORP, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻemi ʻai ʻana i ka wā e hālāwai ai i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
Ma o ka mea hana ʻike ORP, hiki i nā limahana ke hoʻomaopopo koke i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka ʻike kūlana wai haumia e pili ana i ka ʻike manaʻo manawa maoli, a laila e ʻike ai i ka hoʻokele hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o nā loulou mālama wai a me ka hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai.
I ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino, nui nā hopena redox, a ʻokoʻa nā mea e pili ana i ka ORP i kēlā me kēia reactor. No laila, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, pono nā limahana e aʻo hou i ka pilina ma waena o ka oxygen dissolved, pH, mahana, salinity a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka wai a me ORP e like me ke kūlana maoli o ka mea kanu, a hoʻokumu i nā ʻāpana mana ORP kūpono no nā kino wai like ʻole. .